Russia has often been accused of carrying out cyberattacks and acts of sabotage across Europe, allegations that Moscow has repeatedly denied.
France's foreign minister has announced he will summon the Russian ambassador to explain Moscow's involvement in a "vast cyber campaign" for sabotage and espionage purposes.
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"We will also impose sanctions on nine individuals and four entities responsible for this cyber campaign, which was orchestrated by the FSB" security service, Jean-Noel Barrot said in an interview with BFMTV/RMC.
Barrot claimed 10 European countries, including France, had been attacked in recent days.
The targets included government ministries, companies, and service operators, with the aim "either of capturing information or sabotaging operations, for example rail infrastructure, as was the case in Poland" he added, without providing further details.
Barrot said France was able to detect the hacks because it has "significantly strengthened our defences against these cyber attacks," he added.