Speaking on state television, Ayatollah Khamenei claimed there was "evidence" of the two countries' involvement.
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Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, claimed on Wednesday that the collapse of the Syrian government was the result of a coordinated effort by the US and Israel.
“There should be no doubt that what has happened in Syria is the result of a joint American and Zionist plan," Khamenei said on state TV. "We have evidence, and this evidence leaves no room for doubt.”
He also alleged involvement by a neighbouring country, but did not specify which he was talking about.
“A neighbouring state of Syria has played a clear role in this matter, and it continues to do so. Everyone can see this.”
The rapid fall of Bashar al-Assad’s government came after a surprise rebel offensive that swept across Syria starting in late November.
Opposition forces rapidly captured a sequence of major cities, including Aleppo, Hama, Homs, and eventually the capital, Damascus, meeting little resistance as the Syrian army disintegrated.
On 8 December, Syrian state television broadcast a video statement by a group of men announcing that al-Assad had been overthrown and all prisoners released.
Russian officials and Iranian state media confirmed that al-Assad had left Syria, and Russian news agencies reported shortly afterward that he and his family had arrived in Moscow and been granted asylum.
Over a decade of conflict
Syria’s 13-year conflict began in 2011 when anti-government protests were brutally suppressed.
The civil war that followed claimed nearly half a million lives and displaced half of Syria’s prewar population of 23 million.
Backed by allies Iran and Russia, al-Assad gradually regained control of much of the country, leaving opposition groups confined to the northwest.
However, in late November, opposition forces led by the jihadist group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham launched a large-scale offensive.
With the regime’s traditional allies embroiled in other conflicts — in particular Russia’s war in Ukraine and ongoing hostilities between Israel and Iran — al-Assad received little support to shore up his power.
Syria's prime minister, Mohammed Ghazi Jalali, has announced the new government’s is ready to “extend its hand” to an opposition-led administration.