By Lucila Sigal
JOSE LEON SUAREZ, Argentina (Reuters) - Lorena Pastoriza, 45, is one of hundreds of informal waste pickers sifting thousand tonnes of trash per day in the poor neighbourhood of José León Suárez in Argentina, making ends meet by organising the rubbish left behind by others.
She works at the giant "Reciparque" plant on the outskirts of Buenos Aires, where rubbish collectors bring containers of glass, cardboard, metal and other waste collected from the inner city, which is then dug through and sorted.
Around the giant waste heap, a community of unofficial recyclers has emerged, in part driven by necessity of pulling people out of hardship, a long-running issue in the recession-hit South American nation where a third of people live below the poverty line.
"We always say that we were hungry. Then, because we were hungry, we needed to organise ourselves to survive in a territory, to eat from it and to raise our kids," said Pastoriza, who leads the local "Bella Flor" waste picker cooperative.
That cooperative operates within and alongside the state entity that deals with waste management for the city and province of Buenos Aires, CEAMSE.
Beyond helping arrange work, Bella Flor organises theatre workshops, provides education and food, and attends to health problems linked to living at the garbage dump, as well as domestic violence and addiction, a scourge that afflicts many of the local youth.
The cooperatives emerged during the economic and social crisis of 2001, when thousands of people climbed the mountain of garbage in search of food and clothing just to survive.
"These plants offer decent, concrete, real work, which is beneficial wherever you look. There is a social solution, an environmental solution and an economic solution," Ulises de la Orden, whose new documentary "Nueva Mente" follows the work done by Bella Flor.
"Here people get 'recycled' too and these people live in the garbage, work with the garbage and find in the garbage a possible, better future, better than that offered by any other emergency neighbourhood," he said.
Argentina is not alone. In Chile, one poor community on the outskirts of Santiago is leading a recycling drive in a neighbourhood plagued by crime. [nL2N23P197]
MIRROR ON SOCIETY
Experts said there was a lack of coordinated policy on recycling and limited awareness, meaning most garbage arrived mixed together and workers had to sort through bags of waste to separate what could be recycled, compacted and sold.
"The wealthiest neighbourhoods in Buenos Aires just send their waste to the peripheries and it's received by these people who live at the edges of the city," said Francisco Suarez, an anthropologist specializing in environmental issues.
The workers, who earn about 12,500 Argentine pesos (less than $300) per month, are pushing for better waste segregation, more recognition from the state and investment to give them technology to help improve their work recycling others' waste.
"If we had technology and investment, we could recycle almost half (of collected material). However, we are at just 17 to 19%," Ernesto Paret, another of the founders of Bella Flor told Reuters.
Paret had started working as a "ciruja" - meaning he used garbage for everything from clothing to food - but today helps run a programme focuses on social issues at the University of San Martín in the city.
ADVERTISEMENT"What nobody wants is to recognise that there is a tragedy here, which is that many people live from the garbage," he said. "Because this is a mirror in which nobody wants to see."
(Reporting by Lucila Sigal; Editing by Adam Jourdan and Steve Orlofsky)
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