Magdeburg's Christmas market opened on Thursday morning, nearly a year after the car attack that killed six people and injured hundreds. There was no ceremony, just traders switching on their lights and getting to work.
More than 140 stalls returned, and the city said interest was higher than last year, with 153 applications for 115 new stands. Security is the focus. About 250,000 euros has been spent on new systems, including concrete blocks, after officials initially questioned the market's safety plan.
The city and organisers say the changes meet the standards needed, and hope visitors will feel able to come back.