By Markus Wacket
BERLIN (Reuters) - Germany should shut down all of its coal-fired power plants by 2038 at the latest, a government-appointed commission said on Saturday, proposing at least 40 billion euros (34.6 billion pounds) in aid to regions affected by the phase-out.
The roadmap proposals, resulting from a hard-won compromise agreement reached early on Saturday after more than 20 hours of talks, must now be implemented by the German government and 16 regional states.
They embody Germany's strategy to shift to renewables, which made up more than 40 percent of the energy mix last year -- beating coal for the first time -- and follow a 2011 move to end use of nuclear power.
The 31-member coal commission agreed that at least 40 billion euros should be provided in aid for coal-mining states affected by the exit, less than the roughly 60 billion euros they had sought.
"This is a historic accomplishment," Ronald Pofalla, one of four commission leaders, told reporters in Berlin. He said the deal would allow Germany to meet its climate change targets for 2030, which call for significant cuts in carbon emissions.
Another chair of the commission, environmental professor Barbara Praetorius said the plan would also guarantee "affordable and secure energy supplies."
Armin Laschet, the premier of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany's biggest coal-producing region and most populous state, said it would pave the way for an economically viable "future without coal" for regions now heavily dependent on it.
He said it was up to the German government and the states to translate the recommendations into policy and law.
Environmental groups vowed to hold the government to account on the targets, saying they would push for an even earlier exit.
Business leaders, who had warned that a too-hasty exit from coal could inflate power prices, welcomed the panel's plan.
"It's a compromise that hurts everyone. That's always a good sign," added Andreas Scheidt, a member of both the commission and the executive board of ver.di, one of Germany's largest unions.
There was no immediate reaction from Chancellor Angela Merkel's government.
COMPENSATION FOR CONSUMERS
In a first step, plant operators including RWE, Uniper, EnBW and Vattenfall will be asked to shut down about 12.7 gigawatts (GW) of capacity by 2022, equivalent to about 24 large power station units, the report, seen by Reuters, said.
Under the proposed plans, coal power capacity in Germany would more than halve to 17 GW by 2030.
It said compensation and other shutdown details should be agreed with the operators on a contractual basis.
ADVERTISEMENTIn a blow to RWE, Germany's top electricity producer, the commission said preserving the Hambach forest was "desirable", hitting the group's key source of lignite where mining operations have already been halted following a court order.
The committee's proposals, if implemented, would be the second major intervention in Germany's energy market within a decade after a landmark decision to shut down all nuclear power stations by 2022. The decision to switch away from nuclear was taken in the wake of Japan's Fukishima disaster in 2011.
While the 2038 exit date was in line with expectations, the report said the phase out could be completed by 2035 -- a decision that would be taken in 2032.
Compensation for companies and household consumers paying more for power because of the phase-out should be two billion euros per year, with the exact amount to be set in 2023, the report said.
Stanislaw Tillich, the former premier of the coal-producing Saxony region in eastern Germany, said the accord would be exemplary in Europe, by showing that new industries and jobs could be developed even as coal was phased out.
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(Additional reporting by Christoph Steitz in Frankfurt, Tom Kaekenhoff in Duesseldorf and Andrea Shalal in Berlin; Writing by Christoph Steitz, Paul Carrel and Andrea Shalal; Editing by Simon Cameron-Moore, Kirsten Donovan and Helen Popper)
